The House

Control of the House in the 82nd Congress stayed in the hands of the Democrats by a substantial majority, but one that would be reduced from the 259-169 division in the 81st Congress. Republicans stood to gain at least 23 seats, perhaps as many as 36.

Both parties will have their tough, experienced leaders back. Shiny-pated Speaker Sam Rayburn, 69, ran without opposition in his Texas district; Majority Leader John McCormack of Massachusetts and all of the important Democratic committee chairmen also won. The G.O.P. will again be guided by Minority Leader Joe Martin of Massachusetts, Whip Leslie Arends of Illinois.

In other congressional races: P: Harlem's pro-Communist Vito Marcantonio was beaten at last--after seven terms--by lean, tough 51-year-old James G. Donovan, candidate of an unprecedented Democrat-Republican-Liberal coalition.

P: Eighty-four-year-old Adolph ("Joe") Sabath of Illinois, dean of the House, coasted in for his 23rd consecutive term on Capitol Hill.

P: Franklin D. Roosevelt Jr., 36, won his first full term from his Manhattan district.

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