IN 1936, while Italian journalists hissed from the galleries, a slight, regal figure appeared before the League of Nations in poignant protest against the invasion of his country by Mussolini. That year Emperor Haile Selassie, a proud ruler who lived to see his country free once again, became the first African leader to be TIME'S Man of the Year. Since then, Africa has been making history on its own, awakening the rest of the world to Africa's own awakening. TIME cover stories illustrate the way the story has developed. In 1952 there was Daniel Malan, the dour Boer Prime Minister of the Union of South Africa, who died last week, out to keep what he regarded as the inferior black majority of his countrymen in permanent subjection. After him came the face of Black Africa nationalism-- Ghana's Prime Minister Kwame Nkrumah in 1953. In the north, the same anticolonial stir-ups agitated the Arabs, and TIME showed the faces of King Mohammed V of Morocco, which won its independence in 1956, and of Ferhat Abbas, head of Algeria's rebel government-in-exile, whose story is not yet finished. Now comes young, vigorous Sekou Toure of Guinea, the man who said "No" to De Gaulle and who has become one of the most powerful figures in the reversed "scramble for Africa"-- that of the Africans themselves. For a report on the first unsteady steps of an infant nation and the growing pains of a continent, see FOREIGN NEWS, Vive I 'lndependance!

NOTHING will stir a Filipino newsman into excited conversation faster these days than a mention of Jim Bell, TIME'S Hong Kong bureau chief. Last week two big Philippine newspapers, the Manila Times and Bulletin, protested editorially against President Carlos Garcia's recent decision to ban Bell from the Philippines for reporting the corruption and increasing anti-Americanism of Garcia's government (TIME, Feb. 2). Said the Times: "The broad principles of press freedom are threatened by the President's attitude toward the Bell case." In almost 15 years as one of TIME'S top correspondents, Jim Bell has suffered just about every vicissitude of the reporter's trade, including near mobbing at the hands of an Iranian mob that mistook him for Winston Churchill. But the charge that he seeks to disturb Philippine-U.S. relations is perhaps the oddest ever directed at him. Few Americans have more affection and respect for the Filipino people. Kansas-born Jim Bell spent the formative years of his youth in northern Luzon, returned to the Philippines as an Army officer in World War II, has kept close ties with the islands ever since. One of the men whose friendship Bell most cherished was the Philippines' late, loved President Ramon Magsaysay--an incorruptible statesman who never found any difficulty in combining deep pride in being a Filipino with unshakable affection for the U.S.

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