Abstract

Resistance to antibiotics has created a state of crisis in clinics for treatment of infections. Historically, the majority of known classes of antibiotics have come from natural sources, examples of which are macrolides,-lactams, and aminoglycosides, among others. They target vital bacterial biochemical events, such as cell wall synthesis, protein synthesis, and DNA replication. A description of these process is provided herein. Furthermore, resistance to known antibiotics has emerged by a multitude of mechanisms, a subject that has been elaborated in this article in detail.