Abstract

Carbon dioxide is valuable as a chemical intermediate, a liquid refrigerant, and a source of inert gas. It is produced from natural gas wells, lime-kiln operations, and several other important processes. Most of the significant industrial processes for the production of CO₂ are reviewed in this article. Methods of purification include reaction and potassium permanganate, reaction with potassium dichromate, adsorption using activated carbon, liquefaction, and solidification. Numerous uses including food freezing, enhanced oil recovery, chemical manufacturing, refrigeration, and carbonation are reviewed.