Abstract

Chromium metal, chromium alloys, and metallurgically important chromium compounds are reviewed. Occurrence, mining, and smelting of chromium ores are discussed. South Africa and Zimbabwe hold about 80% of the in situ contained chromium. Details on Supplies and availability worldwide are given. The chemical, physical, and mechanical properties of chromium metal are summarized. Important Cr-bearing alloys: the various stainless steels, alloy steels, nonferrous alloys, and Cr-based alloys are identified as are metallurgically important compounds. Applications of these materials are discussed and the contribution of chromium to the properties of these alloys is described. Methods of producing Cr-rich protective and decorative surfaces, recovery and reuse of Cr-bearing materials, and toxicology are reviewed. Economic data regarding operating and transportation of are discussed as well as international markets.