Abstract

The significant impact of environmental regulations in the 1990s on industry in general, and the chemical industry in particular, is indisputable. There is a growing tendency to merge environmental issues and economics in decision making within the chemical industry (see Catalysts-Regeneration; Economic evaluation; Fuels from waste; Herbicides; Recycling; Solvents, industrial; Wastes, industrial). Moreover, because environmental issues are pervasive in the chemical industry, these concerns have brought about change in chemical technology. In many fields, environmental concerns and regulations are driving technological development (see Coating processes; Dyes, environmental chemistry; Exhaust control, automotive; Exhaust control, industrial).