Abstract

Wastewater management is discussed in detail. A spectrum of parameters and characterization of wastewater is covered. Wastewater treatments include minimization of waste as a primary measure, followed by chemical and biological treatments. These treatments include equalization, neutralization, removal of oil and grease, suspended solids removal, heavy metals, removal of volatile organics, stripping, sorption, biodegradation, and nutrient removal. Alternative biological treatments include lagoon and aerated lagoons, activated sludge, fixed-film processes, rotating biological contactors, and anaerobic treatment. Also given is information on advanced wastewater treatments, ie, chemical oxidation and adsorption, sludge handling, and disposal. A section on storm-water control concludes the article.